dikarboksüülhape

Dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains two carboxyl functional groups. These groups are represented by the formula -COOH. Dicarboxylic acids are classified based on the position of these carboxyl groups. For example, if the carboxyl groups are separated by a single carbon atom, they are called alpha-dicarboxylic acids. If they are separated by two carbon atoms, they are beta-dicarboxylic acids, and so on.

The general formula for a saturated, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is CnH2n(COOH)2. Simple examples include oxalic acid (n=0), malonic acid (n=1), and succinic acid (n=2). The properties of dicarboxylic acids vary depending on the number of carbon atoms and their arrangement. They are typically solids at room temperature and are often soluble in water due to the polar carboxyl groups.

Dicarboxylic acids play important roles in various biological and industrial processes. They are intermediates in metabolic pathways, such as the citric acid cycle. Industrially, they are used in the production of polymers, plasticizers, and pharmaceuticals. For instance, adipic acid, a six-carbon dicarboxylic acid, is a key monomer in the production of nylon. Unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, containing carbon-carbon double or triple bonds, also exist and have their own distinct properties and applications.