digitoksyna

Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside, a type of compound found in various plants, primarily in the foxglove and digitalis species. It is used as a medication to treat heart failure and certain types of arrhythmias. Digitoxin works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump in heart cells, which leads to an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium levels. This results in a stronger heart contraction and a slower heart rate.

Digitoxin is typically administered orally or intravenously. It is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and injectable solutions. The dosage is usually titrated to achieve therapeutic levels, as both under-dosing and over-dosing can lead to adverse effects.

Common side effects of digitoxin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. More serious side effects can include irregular heart rhythms, low blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances. Digitoxin can also interact with other medications, particularly those that affect the heart or kidneys, so it is important to inform healthcare providers about all medications being taken.

Digitoxin is generally well-tolerated, but its use is limited by its narrow therapeutic index. Regular monitoring of serum levels is necessary to ensure safe and effective treatment. It is contraindicated in patients with certain heart conditions, such as severe heart failure or specific arrhythmias, and in those with known hypersensitivity to the drug.