dicloxacina

Dicloxacillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It is effective against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, particularly strains of Staphylococcus that produce penicillinase. This resistance to penicillinase is a key characteristic that distinguishes it from other penicillins.

The mechanism of action of dicloxacillin involves inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cell wall, preventing the cross-linking of peptidoglycans. This disruption leads to a weakened cell wall and ultimately bacterial lysis.

Dicloxacillin is typically administered orally and is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is often prescribed for infections such as skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and pneumonia caused by susceptible staphylococcal organisms. It is generally not effective against Gram-negative bacteria.

Common side effects of dicloxacillin can include gastrointestinal upset such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Allergic reactions, including rash and, rarely, anaphylaxis, are also possible. It is important for healthcare providers to assess patient history for penicillin allergies before prescribing dicloxacillin. It is often considered a first-line treatment for certain staphylococcal infections due to its efficacy and oral availability.