detrusorkontraksjon

Detrusorkontraksjon refers to the involuntary contraction of the detrusor muscle, which is the smooth muscle forming the wall of the urinary bladder. This process is a crucial component of bladder voiding, also known as micturition. During bladder filling, the detrusor muscle relaxes, allowing the bladder to expand and store urine. As the bladder fills to a certain capacity, stretch receptors in the bladder wall are activated, signaling the brain to initiate the voiding reflex.

The voiding reflex involves a complex interplay of the autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerve signals stimulate the detrusor muscle to contract, increasing intravesical pressure. Simultaneously, the internal and external urethral sphincters relax, allowing urine to flow out of the bladder through the urethra. This coordinated action of detrusor contraction and sphincter relaxation leads to the efficient emptying of the bladder.

Dysfunctions in detrusor contraction can lead to various lower urinary tract symptoms. An underactive detrusor muscle may result in incomplete bladder emptying, leading to urinary retention and an increased risk of urinary tract infections. Conversely, an overactive detrusor muscle can cause urinary urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence, where involuntary leakage occurs due to a sudden, strong urge to urinate. Medical conditions such as neurological disorders, aging, and certain medications can affect detrusor muscle function. Diagnosis often involves urodynamic studies to assess bladder pressure, detrusor activity, and sphincter function. Treatment strategies aim to either improve detrusor contractility or manage its overactivity.