cytosinebase

Cytosine is one of the four main nucleobases found in DNA and RNA. Along with adenine, guanine, and thymine (in DNA) or uracil (in RNA), cytosine forms the building blocks of genetic material. It is classified as a pyrimidine, a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that contains two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of a six-member ring. In the double helix structure of DNA, cytosine always pairs with guanine through three hydrogen bonds. This specific base pairing is crucial for the stability and accurate replication of genetic information. Cytosine can undergo deamination, a chemical reaction where an amino group is converted to a carbonyl group. This process can lead to mutations if not repaired. The study of cytosine and its interactions is fundamental to understanding molecular biology, genetics, and the mechanisms of inheritance.