cytoplasmatischen

The cytoplasm, or cytoplasmic space, is the region of a cell enclosed by the plasma membrane and, in eukaryotes, outside the nucleus. It comprises the cytosol—a gel-like fluid—and the organelles suspended within it. In prokaryotic cells, the cytoplasm includes all cellular contents inside the plasma membrane, including the nucleoid region where the DNA resides.

Cytosol is a complex mixture of water, ions, small molecules, and macromolecules. It hosts many metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and parts of amino acid synthesis. Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes, which can be free in the cytosol or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. The cytoplasmic environment supports transport of molecules and formation of protein complexes essential for cellular function.

Membrane-bound organelles—mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes—occupy portions of the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton, comprising microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, provides cell shape, enables intracellular transport, and organizes processes such as division and signaling. In plant and fungal cells, vacuoles and plastids also reside in the cytoplasmic space and contribute to storage and metabolism.

The term cytoplasmic (in German: cytoplasmatischen) refers to phenomena or structures located in the cytoplasm. In German biology, the adjective adapts to grammatical case and gender, reflecting its use in phrases describing specific cytoplasmic components or processes.