cypoviruses

Cypoviruses are a genus of dsRNA viruses within the family Reoviridae. These viruses infect primarily insects. The name "Cypovirus" is derived from the scientific name of the first insect virus in this genus, Choristoneura fumiferana densonucleosis virus. Cypoviruses are characterized by their double-stranded RNA genome, which is segmented into multiple linear molecules. Each RNA segment is encapsidated individually within a protein shell, forming a complex virion structure. The outer layer of the virion is composed of multiple protein layers, which contribute to the virus's stability and infectivity. Replication of cypoviruses occurs within the cytoplasm of infected host cells. The virions are known for their crystalline appearance in electron micrographs, a feature that aids in their identification. Cypoviruses are entomopathogenic, meaning they cause disease in insects. They are often considered to have potential as biological control agents due to their specificity and lack of pathogenicity to non-target organisms, including vertebrates. The transmission of cypoviruses typically occurs through oral ingestion of contaminated food or surfaces. Upon ingestion, the virus is released in the insect gut, and replication ensues, leading to the death of the insect.