cilastatin

Cilastatin is a medication used to prevent kidney damage caused by certain medications, particularly those that contain aminoglycoside antibiotics. It works by inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down these antibiotics, thereby increasing their concentration in the kidneys and reducing the risk of toxicity. Cilastatin is typically administered in combination with aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin or tobramycin.

The most common side effects of cilastatin include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These side effects are usually mild and transient. Serious side effects are rare but can include allergic reactions, kidney problems, and gastrointestinal bleeding.

Cilastatin is available in tablet form and is usually taken orally. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific aminoglycoside antibiotic being used and the individual patient's condition. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and to inform the healthcare provider of any other medications being taken, as interactions can occur.

Cilastatin was first approved for medical use in the United States in 1987. It is manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies and is available by prescription only. The drug is classified as a nephrotoxic agent, meaning it can cause kidney damage, and should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.