centriólumokat

Centrioles are cylindrical organelles found in animal cells and in some lower plant forms. They are typically found in pairs, oriented perpendicularly to each other, and are often located within a region of cytoplasm called the centrosome. Each centriole is composed of nine triplets of microtubules arranged in a characteristic cartwheel pattern. This intricate structure is crucial for their function.

Centrioles play a vital role in cell division. They serve as the organizing centers for the formation of the mitotic spindle, a structure that separates chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. Before cell division, the centrosome duplicates, and each new centrosome migrates to opposite poles of the cell, guiding the formation of the spindle fibers.

Beyond cell division, centrioles are also involved in the formation of cilia and flagella, which are hair-like appendages used for motility or for moving substances across the cell surface. Basal bodies, which are structures at the base of cilia and flagella, are derived from centrioles. They are essential for the proper assembly and function of these motile structures. The precise mechanisms by which centrioles assemble and disassemble, and their full range of cellular functions, are still areas of active research.