centrioleduplikáció

Centriole duplication is a fundamental process in eukaryotic cell biology that ensures each daughter cell receives a complete set of centrosomal components. The centrosome, a key organelle involved in organizing microtubules, is built around a pair of centrioles. Duplication begins early in the cell cycle, typically during the S phase, and is tightly regulated. A single mother centriole initiates the formation of a procentriole, a new daughter centriole, perpendicularly attached to it. This procentriole grows outward from the base of the mother centriole. The duplication process is semiconservative, meaning the original mother and daughter centrioles separate and become the mother and daughter centrioles in the newly formed centrosome. This ensures that each daughter cell will have one centrosome, which is crucial for proper cell division, particularly for the formation of the mitotic spindle. Errors in centriole duplication can lead to aneuploidy and are associated with various diseases, including cancer. The precise molecular mechanisms governing the initiation, growth, and termination of centriole duplication are complex and involve a coordinated interplay of various proteins, including components of the SAS-4/CPAP complex and the PLK4 kinase. This duplication is a single-event per cell cycle phenomenon, preventing over-duplication and maintaining genomic stability.