cenin

CENin, also known as CENP-A, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the structure and function of centromeres, which are specialized regions of chromosomes responsible for chromosome segregation during cell division. CENin is a component of the kinetochore, a protein complex that attaches to the centromere and facilitates the proper alignment and separation of sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis. The CENin protein is encoded by the CENP-A gene and is highly conserved across different species, indicating its essential function in eukaryotic cells.

CENin is characterized by its ability to bind to centromeric DNA and form higher-order structures that contribute to the stability and integrity of the kinetochore. It interacts with other kinetochore proteins, such as CENP-C and CENP-E, to form a complex that ensures accurate chromosome segregation. Mutations in the CENP-A gene have been associated with various genetic disorders, including Roberts syndrome and Bloom syndrome, which are characterized by chromosomal instability and an increased risk of cancer.

The study of CENin and its role in centromere function has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying chromosome segregation and the maintenance of genomic stability. Advances in our understanding of CENin have also opened up new avenues for the development of therapeutic strategies to treat genetic disorders associated with centromere dysfunction.