calibráció

Calibráció is the process of adjusting an instrument or device so that it accurately measures or displays a specific quantity. It involves comparing the readings of the instrument to known standards or reference values. If the instrument's readings deviate from the standard, adjustments are made to correct the discrepancy. This ensures that the instrument provides reliable and accurate data, which is crucial for various applications.

The need for calibration arises because instruments can drift over time due to factors like wear and tear, environmental changes, or aging components. Regular calibration helps to maintain the instrument's performance and accuracy. The frequency of calibration depends on the instrument type, its usage, and the criticality of the measurements. For example, medical devices and scientific instruments often require more frequent calibration than less sensitive tools.

Calibration procedures typically involve using certified reference materials or equipment that have been calibrated themselves. The process is documented, and a calibration certificate is often issued, indicating the results of the calibration, the adjustments made, and the traceability to national or international standards. This documentation is important for quality assurance and regulatory compliance. Without proper calibration, measurements can be inaccurate, leading to errors in decision-making, product defects, or incorrect scientific conclusions.