binäärilukuarvoksi

A binäärilukuarvo, often referred to as a binary number, is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system. This system uses only two symbols, typically 0 and 1, to represent numerical values. Unlike the decimal system (base-10) which uses ten digits (0-9), the binary system relies on positions representing powers of two. The rightmost digit represents 2 to the power of zero (which is 1), the next digit to the left represents 2 to the power of one (which is 2), then 2 to the power of two (which is 4), and so on.

For example, the binary number 1011 can be converted to a decimal number by calculating (1 * 2^3) + (0 * 2^2) + (1 * 2^1) + (1 * 2^0), which equals 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11. Binary is fundamental to digital electronics and computer science because electrical circuits can easily represent two states: on or off, which correspond to 1 and 0 respectively. Therefore, all digital data, from text and images to programs and instructions, is ultimately stored and processed in binary form within computers.