apostilles

Apostilles are certificates attached to public documents to verify their authenticity for use in another country. They originate from international practice under the Hague Apostille Convention, which standardizes how such documents are recognized abroad. An apostille does not validate the content of the document; it confirms the signature, the capacity of the signer, and the seal or stamp on the document.

Apostilles apply to a range of public documents, including birth, marriage, and death certificates; court judgments and orders; notarial acts; company registrations; and academic diplomas. They facilitate international use by simplifying or eliminating the need for separate legalization.

How it works varies by country but follows a common pattern. A competent authority in the country of origin—often a ministry, secretary of state, or a designated court or notary—attaches an apostille certificate to the document. The apostille certifies the country of issue, the authority that signed or attested the document, the signer’s capacity, and the date and seal or stamp. In many jurisdictions the apostille appears as a separate sheet or an attached certificate.

Limitations and scope: Apostilles are recognized only in countries that are parties to the Hague Convention. In non-member states, a legalization process is typically required, often involving the foreign ministry and the destination country’s embassy or consulate. Translations may also be required, sometimes with a certified translation.

Notes: The specific issuing authority and procedures vary by country and document type, so users should consult the relevant government agency or a notary public for guidance.