aorttaläppästä

Aorttaläppä, also known as the aortic valve, is one of the four valves in the human heart. It is located between the left ventricle and the aorta, the main artery that carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. The primary function of the aortic valve is to control the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta, ensuring that blood moves forward and does not flow backward into the ventricle.

The aortic valve consists of three cusps, which are thin, flexible flaps of tissue. When the left ventricle contracts, the pressure inside it increases, forcing the aortic valve open. This allows blood to be pumped into the aorta. As the ventricle relaxes, the pressure within it drops, and the pressure in the aorta causes the cusps to close, preventing the backflow of blood.

Problems with the aortic valve can lead to various heart conditions. Aortic stenosis occurs when the valve narrows, restricting blood flow and causing the heart to work harder. Aortic regurgitation, also known as aortic insufficiency, happens when the valve does not close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the left ventricle. These conditions can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. Diagnosis typically involves physical examination, echocardiography, and sometimes cardiac catheterization. Treatment options range from medication to surgical repair or replacement of the valve, depending on the severity of the condition.