antiarrhythmiások

Antiarrhythmics are a class of medications used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, also known as arrhythmias. These drugs work by affecting the electrical activity of the heart, helping to restore a normal heart rate and rhythm. Arrhythmias can manifest as a heart beating too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or with an irregular pattern.

The classification of antiarrhythmics is complex and typically based on their mechanism of action, as described by the Vaughan Williams classification system. This system categorizes drugs into four main classes. Class I drugs affect the sodium channels in heart cells, influencing the speed of electrical conduction. Class II drugs are beta-blockers, which reduce the effects of adrenaline on the heart. Class III drugs primarily prolong the action potential of heart cells by affecting potassium channels. Class IV drugs are calcium channel blockers, which slow the heart rate by affecting calcium influx.

Antiarrhythmic medications are prescribed by healthcare professionals based on the specific type of arrhythmia, the patient's overall health, and potential drug interactions. While effective, these drugs can have side effects, and their use requires careful monitoring by a physician. The goal of antiarrhythmic therapy is to prevent symptoms, reduce the risk of complications such as stroke or heart failure, and improve the patient's quality of life.