andmebaasitüübid

Andmebaasitüübid refers to the various categories and structures used to organize and manage data. The most fundamental distinction is between relational and non-relational databases. Relational databases, like SQL Server or PostgreSQL, store data in tables with predefined schemas, establishing relationships between different data points through keys. This structured approach ensures data integrity and consistency.

In contrast, non-relational databases, often called NoSQL databases, offer more flexible data models. These include document databases (e.g., MongoDB), key-value stores (e.g., Redis), wide-column stores (e.g., Cassandra), and graph databases (e.g., Neo4j). Document databases store data in JSON-like documents, key-value stores use a simple key-value pair system, wide-column stores organize data into columns, and graph databases represent data as nodes and edges, ideal for complex relationships.

Further classifications exist based on data processing models. Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) databases are optimized for frequent, short transactions, common in e-commerce or banking. Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) databases, on the other hand, are designed for complex queries and analysis of large datasets, often used in business intelligence and data warehousing. The choice of database type depends heavily on the specific application requirements, including data volume, complexity, query patterns, scalability needs, and performance expectations.