analoogtelefonisüsteemidest

Analogue telephone systems, often referred to as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), represent the traditional method of transmitting voice communications over copper wires. These systems operate by converting sound waves into electrical signals, which are then transmitted as analogue waves. At the receiving end, these electrical signals are converted back into sound waves. The core of the analogue system is the switching office, where electromechanical or early electronic switches direct calls between different subscribers. When a call is placed, a physical connection is established through a series of switches, creating a dedicated circuit for the duration of the conversation. The dial tone, ringing, and busy signals are all part of this analogue signalling process. Historically, analogue telephones were powered directly from the telephone line, meaning they would function even during power outages. The simplicity of the analogue signal, a continuous wave, made it susceptible to noise and degradation over long distances, often requiring signal amplification. While largely superseded by digital technologies like VoIP, analogue systems laid the foundation for modern telecommunications and are still in use in some areas, particularly for emergency services and legacy infrastructure.