amínósýru

Amínósýru, also known as amino acids, are the building blocks of proteins. They consist of an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a variable side chain (R) that determines the specific amino acid. There are 20 standard amino acids, each with unique chemical properties. These amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form proteins, which are essential for various biological functions, including structure, catalysis, and regulation. Amino acids can be classified into two main groups: essential and non-essential. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through the diet, while non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body. Amino acids play crucial roles in metabolism, energy production, and the synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters. They are also important in the immune system and have potential applications in medicine and biotechnology.