adeninosio

Adenosine is a nucleoside composed of adenine and ribose. In biological systems, it plays several crucial roles. Adenosine is a fundamental building block of nucleic acids, specifically RNA. It is also a component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Beyond its role in nucleic acid and energy metabolism, adenosine functions as a neuromodulator in the brain. It is released by neurons and glial cells and can influence neurotransmission by binding to specific adenosine receptors. These receptors, denoted A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, are found throughout the body and are involved in regulating various physiological processes, including sleep-wake cycles, blood flow, and inflammation. The level of adenosine in the central nervous system generally increases during wakefulness, contributing to sleepiness. Pharmacologically, adenosine is used intravenously to treat certain types of supraventricular tachycardia by temporarily slowing conduction through the atrioventricular node.