additív

Additív is a term used in several fields to describe something that is added to another thing, or a property that can be expressed as a sum of parts. In mathematics, an additive object satisfies a form of additivity; for example, an additive function f satisfies f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y). Additive measures extend the concept of size to sets by μ(A∪B)=μ(A)+μ(B) for disjoint A and B, and additive number theory studies representations of integers as sums of numbers, including ideas like additive bases and partition theorems. In statistics, additive models describe a dependent variable as the sum of functions of individual predictors, and generalized additive models broaden this with nonparametric terms.

In chemistry and food science, food additives are substances intentionally added to foods to preserve flavor or texture, improve color, or aid processing. They include emulsifiers, antioxidants, color additives, flavor enhancers, and stabilizers; regulatory agencies evaluate their safety and labeling requirements.

In manufacturing, additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, builds objects layer by layer by adding material, as opposed to subtractive methods. Additives in materials science refer to substances included to modify properties such as strength, durability, or plasticity.

In color theory and digital media, additive color mixing combines light from multiple sources; the primary colors for light are red, green, and blue. The term additív thus connects the general idea of addition with the notion of added substances and properties across disciplines.