Xerophytism

Xerophytism is a physiological adaptation of plants to survive in dry environments. These plants are known as xerophytes and are characterized by their ability to minimize water loss and maximize water absorption. Xerophytes have evolved various mechanisms to cope with arid conditions, including thick cuticles, sunken stomata, and specialized leaf structures that reduce transpiration. Some xerophytes also have deep root systems to access water from greater depths, while others have modified leaves that store water or reduce surface area to minimize evaporation. Additionally, many xerophytes have the ability to close their stomata during the hottest part of the day to conserve water. Xerophytism is crucial for the survival and distribution of many plant species in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.