Wärmelecks

Wärmelecks, also known as thermal bridges or cold bridges, are areas in a building's envelope where heat transfers more readily than in surrounding materials. These regions can significantly reduce a building's energy efficiency by allowing heated air to escape or unheated air to enter. Common causes of Wärmelecks include structural elements that penetrate the insulation layer, such as concrete slabs, steel beams, or wooden studs. Gaps or poorly installed insulation, as well as penetrations for pipes, electrical conduits, or windows and doors, are also frequent culprits.

The impact of Wärmelecks extends beyond increased energy consumption for heating and cooling. They can lead to condensation on interior surfaces, which in turn promotes mold growth and can damage building materials. This can negatively affect indoor air quality and compromise the structural integrity of the building over time. Identifying Wärmelecks is crucial for effective building diagnostics. Techniques such as infrared thermography, often referred to as thermal imaging, are widely used to visualize temperature differences on surfaces, thereby pinpointing these areas of abnormal heat loss or gain.

Addressing Wärmelecks typically involves improving the continuity and integrity of the insulation layer. This can be achieved through measures like adding insulation externally, using thermal breaks in structural connections, or carefully sealing gaps and penetrations. Proper detailing during the design and construction phases is essential to prevent the formation of Wärmelecks in the first place. By minimizing these thermal anomalies, buildings become more comfortable, healthier, and environmentally sustainable.