Võlakirjatüüp

Võlakirjatüüp refers to the classification or category of a bond. Bonds are debt securities where the issuer owes the holders a debt and is obliged to pay interest (the coupon) and/or repay the principal at a later date. Different types of bonds exist based on various characteristics, such as the issuer, maturity, interest rate structure, and creditworthiness.

Common classifications include government bonds, issued by national or local governments, and corporate bonds, issued by companies. Maturity periods differentiate short-term bonds (e.g., Treasury bills) from long-term bonds. Interest rate structures can be fixed-rate, floating-rate, or zero-coupon. Creditworthiness is another key differentiator, leading to investment-grade bonds, considered safer, and high-yield or junk bonds, which offer higher returns but carry greater risk. Other specific types include municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and convertible bonds. Understanding the võlakirjatüüp is crucial for investors to assess risk and potential return.