Vulcões

Vulcões are geological formations, typically conical in shape, that result from the eruption of molten rock (magma), ash, and gases from the Earth's interior. These eruptions occur when pressure builds up beneath the Earth's crust, forcing magma to the surface. The ejected material then cools and solidifies, layer by layer, to build the volcano's structure.

The molten rock found beneath the Earth's surface is called magma. When magma erupts onto the Earth's surface, it is known as lava. The composition of magma and lava varies, influencing the type of eruption and the shape of the resulting volcano. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct, depending on their recent eruptive history and the likelihood of future eruptions.

Volcanic activity is a significant force shaping the Earth's landscape. Eruptions can create new landmasses, alter coastlines, and release gases that contribute to atmospheric composition. While volcanic eruptions can be destructive, they also produce fertile soils and geothermal energy sources. Understanding the processes behind volcanic activity is crucial for hazard assessment and mitigation.