Varoj

Varoj refers to a traditional form of agricultural terracing found in certain mountainous regions, particularly in parts of Southeast Asia and South Asia. These terraces are constructed on hillsides to create flat, cultivable land from steep slopes. The primary purpose of varoj is to prevent soil erosion caused by heavy rainfall and to conserve water for irrigation. By leveling the land, farmers can efficiently manage water flow, ensuring that it reaches the crops and is not lost to runoff.

The construction of varoj typically involves building retaining walls made of stone, earth, or other local materials to support the leveled platforms. These walls not only hold the soil in place but also create a tiered system that can be irrigated sequentially. The design and scale of varoj can vary significantly depending on the local topography, climate, and the crops being cultivated. In many communities, the knowledge and practice of building and maintaining varoj have been passed down through generations, forming an integral part of their cultural heritage and agricultural sustainability. These terraced fields often support staple crops like rice, as well as various vegetables and fruits, contributing to the food security of the local populations.