Vahelduskorrel

Vahelduskorrel, also known as *alternating current* in English, refers to an electrical current that periodically reverses direction, unlike direct current (DC), which flows in a single direction. This phenomenon is fundamental in electrical engineering and power distribution systems, enabling efficient transmission of electricity over long distances.

The alternating current waveform is typically sinusoidal, characterized by its frequency, measured in hertz (Hz), and amplitude, measured in volts (V) or amperes (A). In most countries, the standard frequency for household power is 50 Hz or 60 Hz, depending on the region. For example, Europe and many parts of Asia use 50 Hz, while North America and some other regions use 60 Hz.

One of the key advantages of alternating current is its ability to be easily transformed to different voltage levels using transformers. This makes it practical for high-voltage transmission over power lines, reducing energy loss during distribution. The voltage can be stepped up for long-distance transmission and stepped down for safe use in homes and businesses.

Alternating current is generated by rotating machinery, such as generators, where a coil of wire spins within a magnetic field, inducing a changing voltage. This principle is widely used in power plants, including those powered by fossil fuels, hydroelectricity, wind, and solar energy.

In contrast to direct current, which is used in batteries and some electronic devices, alternating current is the primary method for delivering electricity to homes and industries. Its periodic reversal allows for the use of simpler and more efficient wiring and equipment, contributing to its widespread adoption in modern electrical systems.