Unsättigte

Unsättigte refers to a type of chemical bond or functional group in organic chemistry. In a molecule, an unsaturated bond or group is one that contains multiple bonds between atoms. This is in contrast to a saturated bond or group, which consists of a single bond between two atoms.

In a valence bond, unsaturated groups typically have fewer than the maximum number of available valence electrons being used. These electrons are either being shared with other atoms in a covalent bond or are part of a pi bond, which is a type of double or triple bond between atoms.

Unsaturated groups can be found in various types of molecules, including hydrocarbons and other organic compounds. Alkenes and alkynes are examples of unsaturated hydrocarbons, with the former consisting of a double bond between two carbon atoms and the latter consisting of a triple bond.

The presence of unsaturated groups in a molecule can affect its physical and chemical properties, such as its reactivity and boiling point. In general, a higher degree of unsaturation is associated with a lower boiling point and increased reactivity.

The process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated group to form a saturated bond is known as hydrogenation. This can occur via various chemical reactions, including addition reactions and reduction reactions. The presence of unsaturated groups in molecules makes them more reactive and is a characteristic that can be used in organic synthesis reactions.