Turutsükli

Turutsükli, also known as the business cycle or economic cycle, refers to the recurring pattern of expansion and contraction in an economy. It is characterized by a series of phases: expansion, peak, contraction (recession), and trough. During the expansion phase, economic activity, such as GDP, employment, and consumer spending, increases. This is followed by a peak, where the economy reaches its highest point of growth.

The contraction or recession phase marks a period of decline in economic activity. This is often characterized by rising unemployment, falling consumer demand, and a decrease in business investment. The economy then reaches a trough, the lowest point of the contraction, before beginning a new expansionary phase. The duration and intensity of these cycles can vary significantly.

Factors influencing turutsükli are diverse and can include changes in interest rates, government fiscal policy, technological advancements, consumer confidence, and global economic conditions. While economic cycles are a natural feature of market economies, their fluctuations can have significant impacts on businesses, individuals, and policymakers. Understanding the drivers and phases of turutsükli is crucial for economic forecasting and the implementation of appropriate economic policies to moderate the severity of downturns and sustain periods of growth.