Turmelevat

Turmelevat is a method of vertical windcatcher design used in ancient Persia, specifically in the construction of windcatcher towers in the arid regions of the Middle East.

The name "Turmelevat" or "Turmeleq" is derived from the Persian words "tur" meaning "tall" and "levate" meaning "open" or "exposed", referring to the tower's design and structural features.

Turmelevat windcatcher towers were typically cylindrical in shape, with open tops that faced the prevailing direction of the wind. Water from the windcatcher was collected and stored in cisterns or underground reservoirs. The towers were built with thick stone walls to minimize water loss through evaporation and to provide structural support.

The primary advantage of the Turmelevat design was its efficiency in collecting and storing water. By using the wind to collect and purify water, the towers helped to provide a steady supply of potable water, particularly in dry regions.

The engineering and architectural aspects of Turmelevat windcatcher towers were notable for their time. Their construction required a good understanding of local climate, soil conditions, and the flow of wind patterns in the region. Turmelevat towers were an essential feature of ancient Persian architecture and were in use for over 1,000 years before being abandoned in the 19th century.

Unfortunately, many original Turmelevat towers have disappeared over time due to neglect, migration of populations, and urbanization. Nonetheless, remnants and reconstructed Turmelevat towers can still be found in the regions where they were originally built.