Traaktsiooni

Traaktsiooni, also known as the Treaty of Tartu, was a significant peace treaty signed on February 2, 1920, between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and the newly independent Estonian Republic. The treaty marked the end of the Estonian War of Independence, which had begun in 1918 when Estonia declared independence from Russia. The war had been fought against the Bolshevik Red Army, which had occupied Estonia following the Russian Revolution.

The Treaty of Tartu established the borders of the Estonian Republic, which included the territories of modern-day Estonia, as well as the islands of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. The treaty also recognized Estonia's independence and granted it full sovereignty. In exchange, Estonia agreed to cede the territories of Narva and Ivangorod to the RSFSR, as well as to pay reparations to Russia.

The treaty was signed in Tartu, the capital of Estonia at the time, and was witnessed by the League of Nations. It was the first peace treaty signed by the Soviet Union and was a significant step towards the recognition of Soviet Russia as a legitimate state. The treaty remained in effect until the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940, when the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union led to the annexation of Estonia by the Soviet Union. The treaty was not renewed after the war, and Estonia regained its independence in 1991.