Tanulmányozva

Tanulmányozva is a non-finite, adverbial participle form of the Hungarian verb tanulmányozni, meaning to study, examine, or investigate. It conveys that the action of studying has occurred in relation to another action, and can be understood as “having studied” or “after studying.”

Morphology and function: The form is created by attaching the suffix -va/-ve to the verb stem tanulmányoz-, yielding tanulmányozva. It is an invariable non-finite form that can introduce a participial phrase in front of or after the main clause, often separated by a comma in longer sentences. It denotes the manner, condition, or prerequisite of the main action.

Usage: Tanulmányozva is most common in formal, descriptive, or academic prose. It appears in phrases such as tanulmányozva a témát (having studied the topic) or alaposan tanulmányozva a forrásokat (having thoroughly studied the sources). It allows writers to compactly express background preparation or justification for the main statement.

Related terms: tanulmányozás (the act of studying/examining), tanulmányozó (agent noun: one who studies), tanulmányozott (past participle: studied). In everyday language, speakers often use explicit clauses like miután tanulmányozták or a tanulmányozás után to convey the same idea.

Notes: While useful in precise, informative writing, tanulmányozva is less common in casual speech, where simpler constructions are preferred.