TCAtsüklis

TCAtsüklis, also known as the Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs Cycle, is a fundamental metabolic pathway that takes place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It plays a crucial role in cellular respiration by generating energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

The cycle begins when acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, catalyzed by the enzyme citrate synthase. Through a series of enzymatic reactions, citrate is progressively oxidized and decarboxylated, releasing carbon dioxide and transferring electrons to NAD+ and FAD, forming NADH and FADH2. These high-energy molecules then feed into the electron transport chain, ultimately leading to the production of ATP, the cell's primary energy currency.

The TCA cycle is not only vital for energy production but also provides intermediates for various biosynthetic pathways, including amino acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. It is tightly regulated to meet the cell’s energy demands and is linked to other metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation.

Disruptions or deficiencies in enzymes of the TCA cycle can lead to metabolic disorders and are associated with various diseases, including certain inherited metabolic syndromes, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions. As a central hub of cellular metabolism, the TCA cycle is essential for maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis.

In summary, the TCA cycle is a pivotal metabolic pathway that facilitates energy production and biosynthesis, underscoring its importance in cellular function and overall organism health.