TAS2R1

TAS2R1 is a human bitter taste receptor gene. It belongs to the TAS2R family, also known as the T2R family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are primarily responsible for detecting bitter compounds in food and beverages. The TAS2R1 gene encodes a protein that is expressed in taste receptor cells on the tongue. When a bitter substance binds to the TAS2R1 receptor, it triggers a signaling cascade within the cell, ultimately leading to the perception of bitterness.

The TAS2R1 receptor is known to be activated by a variety of bitter substances, including certain plant-derived compounds and artificial sweeteners. Research has identified specific bitter molecules that interact with TAS2R1, contributing to our complex perception of taste. Variations in the TAS2R1 gene can influence an individual's sensitivity to certain bitter tastes, explaining why people can have different taste preferences and tolerances. Understanding the function of TAS2R1 is important for fields such as food science, nutrition, and the study of taste perception disorders. Its role in detecting potentially harmful compounds also suggests an evolutionary significance in protecting against ingestion of toxins.