Säteilyrajat

Säteilyrajat refer to limits or guidelines established to control exposure to various forms of radiation. These limits are designed to protect human health and the environment from potential harm caused by ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. They are typically set by national and international regulatory bodies based on scientific research and risk assessments.

Ionizing radiation, such as X-rays and gamma rays, has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules. Säteilyrajat for ionizing radiation often specify maximum permissible doses for workers in radiation-exposed industries and for the general public. These limits are expressed in units like Sievert (Sv) or its sub-units millisievert (mSv) and microsievert (µSv). The goal is to keep doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle).

Non-ionizing radiation, which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, and visible light, does not have enough energy to ionize atoms. Säteilyrajat for non-ionizing radiation focus on preventing thermal effects (heating of tissues) and other potential biological impacts. These limits are often based on parameters like specific absorption rate (SAR) or power density.

The implementation and enforcement of säteilyrajat are crucial for public safety in diverse settings, including healthcare facilities using medical imaging, nuclear power plants, telecommunications, and industrial applications involving radioactive sources. Regular monitoring and compliance checks are conducted to ensure that exposure levels remain within the established limits.