Szám

Szám is a core Hungarian noun with several related meanings. The primary sense is a numerical value expressed by a numeral, i.e., a number or quantity. In mathematics and common usage, a szám can denote any numeric value, and it is classified in contexts as egész szám (integer), valós szám (real number), or komplex szám (complex number). The word also appears in compounds such as számlaszám (account or invoice number) and számjegy (digit). Verbs derived from szám convey counting and calculation, notably számol (to count) and számítás (calculation), with számlálás meaning counting.

A second important sense is musical or theatrical: a szám can refer to a song or performance piece within a program, show, or recording. For example, egy zenei szám means a musical number, and az első szám a műsorban would be “the first piece in the program.” This usage highlights the broader metaphor of a “number” as a discrete unit of a performance.

Usage and nuance: szám forms the basis of many everyday expressions and technical terms. It often appears in phrases describing order, quantity, or identity, and it functions as a productive root in numerous compounds, from technical terms in science to media references. The dual sense—quantitative value and distinct performance piece—illustrates how Hungarian uses a single word to cover both abstract and concrete notions within different contexts.