Subträgerabständen

Subträgerabstand refers to the spacing between adjacent subcarriers in a multicarrier modulation system, such as orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). This spacing is a fundamental parameter that influences the system's performance and efficiency. A smaller subcarrier spacing leads to a larger number of subcarriers within a given bandwidth, which can improve spectral efficiency and allow for more flexible data allocation. However, it also makes the system more susceptible to frequency offsets and phase noise, as the orthogonality between subcarriers can be compromised. Conversely, a larger subcarrier spacing provides greater robustness against these impairments but reduces the number of available subcarriers and thus spectral efficiency.

The choice of subcarrier spacing is a trade-off between spectral efficiency, complexity, and robustness to channel conditions. In wireless communication systems, this spacing is often chosen to be related to the symbol duration of the data transmitted on each subcarrier. For instance, in OFDM, the subcarrier spacing is typically set to be the reciprocal of the cyclic prefix length, ensuring orthogonality between subcarriers even in the presence of multipath propagation. This relationship is crucial for preventing inter-carrier interference (ICI). The precise value of the subcarrier spacing is a design parameter that is optimized based on the specific application, channel characteristics, and desired performance metrics.