Sublimointivaihe

Sublimointivaihe refers to the phase transition where a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state. This phenomenon is the reverse of deposition, where a gas directly becomes a solid. Sublimation occurs when the vapor pressure of the solid exceeds the surrounding atmospheric pressure. Several factors influence the rate of sublimation, including temperature, surface area, and humidity.

Dry ice, which is solid carbon dioxide, is a common example of a substance that readily sublimes at room temperature and standard atmospheric pressure. Other substances like iodine and naphthalene also exhibit sublimation under specific conditions. In nature, sublimation plays a role in processes like the formation of frost and the disappearance of snow and ice without melting. Understanding sublimation is important in various fields, including chemistry, physics, and materials science, for applications such as freeze-drying and purification techniques. The energy required for sublimation is known as the enthalpy of sublimation, which is the sum of the enthalpies of fusion and vaporization.