Spektrofotometrin

Spektrofotometrin is a method used in chemistry and physics to measure how much light a chemical substance absorbs or transmits. It works by passing a beam of light through a sample and then measuring the intensity of the light that has passed through. The instrument used for this is called a spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometers typically consist of a light source, a wavelength selector (like a prism or diffraction grating), a sample holder, and a detector. The wavelength selector allows specific wavelengths of light to pass through the sample, and the detector measures the amount of light that reaches it. The result is usually presented as a spectrum, which is a graph showing the absorbance or transmittance of light at different wavelengths. This technique is widely used for a variety of applications, including identifying unknown substances, determining the concentration of known substances in a solution, and studying chemical reactions. Different substances absorb and transmit light differently based on their chemical structure and the wavelength of light. By analyzing the absorption spectrum, scientists can gain insights into the composition and properties of materials. The Beer-Lambert law is a fundamental principle that relates the absorbance of a solution to its concentration and the path length of the light through the sample.