Snefru

Snefru was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty. He reigned during the Old Kingdom period, from approximately 2613 to 2589 BCE. He is widely regarded as the founder of the Fourth Dynasty, a period characterized by immense architectural achievements, most notably the construction of the great pyramids. Snefru's reign is significant for the transition from earlier pyramid designs to the true pyramid form.

His mortuary complex at Dahshur includes the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid. The Bent Pyramid, with its unusual change in angle, is thought to represent an early experimental stage in pyramid construction. The Red Pyramid, however, is considered the first successful true pyramid, with its smooth, straight sides. These monumental constructions demonstrate advanced engineering and organizational capabilities.

Snefru's reign is also associated with military campaigns and trade expeditions. Evidence suggests he led expeditions into Nubia and possibly the Sinai Peninsula, securing resources and expanding Egyptian influence. His administration was likely well-organized to support the massive labor required for his building projects. Snefru was a pivotal figure in the development of Egyptian state power and architectural innovation, laying the groundwork for the subsequent pyramid building era.