Shtoi

Shtoi is a term that appears in Albanian-language contexts and as a proper noun in Balkan onomastics. In Albanian grammar, shtoi is a finite verb form derived from the verb shtoj, meaning to add or to include. It is used to indicate that something was added in the past and appears in sentences as a past-tense predication. In standard Albanian, shtoi is not used as a separate noun.

As a proper noun, shtoi occurs as a surname in Albanian-speaking communities and may be found in genealogical records and local histories. It can also appear as a component of place names or family names in the broader Balkan region, though such uses are not universally standardized and vary by locality.

Etymology and cognates: The form derives from the verb shtoj, which is related to other Indo-European roots meaning "to add" or "to attach." The exact development of the word into surname or toponymic uses is not well documented in high-coverage references.

In contemporary usage, shtoi is most commonly encountered as a grammatical form in Albanian texts and, less frequently, as a surname in names encountered in historical or genealogical sources.