Rayleighfading
Rayleigh fading is a statistical model used to describe rapid fluctuations in the amplitude of a received radio signal in a multipath environment that lacks a dominant line-of-sight component. It arises when a transmitted signal reaches the receiver through many scattered paths, each with a random phase, so the received complex baseband signal is the sum of many independent phasors.
If the in-phase and quadrature components are modeled as independent zero-mean Gaussian random variables with equal
Temporal variation is produced by motion, causing Doppler spread and time-varying fading. The envelope and channel
Rayleigh fading is a special case of broader fading models. If a nonzero line-of-sight component exists, the
Applications include wireless system design and performance analysis, where Rayleigh fading informs outage probability, bit-error-rate calculations,