Põhjapoolust

Põhjapoolust, also known as the Geographic North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is located in the Arctic Ocean, approximately 700 kilometers (435 miles) north of Greenland. Unlike the Earth's magnetic poles, which wander over time, the geographic North Pole is a fixed point.

The North Pole is characterized by extreme cold and a perpetually frozen landscape. For six months of the year, the pole experiences continuous daylight, followed by six months of darkness. Temperatures can plummet to -40 degrees Celsius (-40 degrees Fahrenheit) or lower in winter. The region is covered by a thick layer of sea ice, which varies in thickness and extent throughout the year.

Despite its harsh environment, the North Pole is a significant area of scientific research, particularly concerning climate change and its impact on Arctic ecosystems. Various expeditions have reached the North Pole, both by surface travel and by air. Historically, determining precise location and reaching the pole have been significant challenges for explorers. The area is not a landmass but rather a shifting ice cap over deep ocean waters.