Protézomális

Protézomális refers to anything related to the proteasome. The proteasome is a large protein complex found in all eukaryotic cells and in archaea. It is responsible for degrading and recycling damaged or unnecessary proteins. This process is crucial for maintaining cellular health and function.

The proteasome functions like a cellular recycling center, breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. These peptides are then further processed into amino acids, which the cell can reuse for synthesizing new proteins. This regulated protein degradation is vital for various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, DNA repair, and immune response.

Dysfunction of the proteasome can lead to the accumulation of abnormal proteins, which can contribute to the development of various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as cancer. Consequently, the proteasome has become a significant target for therapeutic interventions. Drugs that inhibit proteasome activity are used in cancer treatment, such as bortezomib, to induce cancer cell death by preventing the degradation of proteins essential for their survival. Research continues to explore the proteasome's role in other diseases and to develop new therapeutic strategies targeting this essential cellular machinery.