Protonointia
Protonointia is the process where a molecule or ion gains a proton. A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle, essentially a hydrogen ion ($H^+$). This addition of a proton typically occurs when a basic species, which is a proton acceptor, encounters an acidic species, which is a proton donor. The basic species uses a lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond with the proton from the acidic species.
This chemical reaction is fundamental to acid-base chemistry. For instance, when a strong acid like hydrochloric
The concept of protonointia is crucial in understanding chemical reactions in aqueous solutions, organic chemistry, and