Propüülrühma

Propüülrühma is the common name for the propyl group, a three-carbon alkyl substituent. Its chemical formula is -CH2CH2CH3. It is derived from propane by the removal of one hydrogen atom. The propyl group is a saturated hydrocarbon radical.

There are two isomeric forms of the propyl group: the n-propyl group and the isopropyl group. The n-propyl group, as its name suggests, has a linear arrangement of carbon atoms, attached to the main molecule through the first carbon atom. The isopropyl group, on the other hand, has a branched structure, with the attachment to the main molecule occurring at the second carbon atom. The isopropyl group has the chemical formula -CH(CH3)2.

Propyl groups are frequently encountered in organic chemistry as substituents on larger molecules. They contribute to the nonpolar character of organic compounds. The presence of a propyl group can influence the physical properties of a molecule, such as its boiling point and solubility. For example, adding a propyl group to a molecule typically increases its lipophilicity. In nomenclature, the propyl group is indicated by the prefix "propyl-".