Propeptids

Propeptides are short peptide sequences that are attached to the N-terminus or C-terminus of a protein precursor and are cleaved off during the protein's maturation process. They act as regulatory sequences, influencing protein folding, stability, secretion, or activation. Propeptides are commonly found in enzymes, hormones, and structural proteins. For instance, the propeptide of collagen is essential for its proper triple-helix formation and secretion. In the case of enzymes, propeptides can inhibit enzymatic activity until they are removed, thereby preventing premature or uncontrolled activity. This cleavage is typically carried out by specific proteases. The removal of the propeptide is a crucial step in generating a functional protein. The study of propeptides is important for understanding protein biogenesis and the regulation of biological processes. Abnormalities in propeptide cleavage can lead to various diseases.