Primärstandardlösungen

Primärstandardlösungen are accurately prepared solutions used as a reference in analytical chemistry. They are made by dissolving a precisely weighed amount of a primary standard substance in a known volume of solvent. A primary standard substance must possess specific characteristics to be suitable for this purpose. These include high purity, stability in air, a well-defined chemical formula, and a high molar mass to minimize weighing errors. The substance should also react quantitatively and rapidly with the analyte it is intended to standardize. Common examples of primary standard substances include potassium hydrogen phthalate, sodium carbonate, and silver nitrate.

The accuracy of a primary standard solution is crucial because it serves as the basis for determining the exact concentration of other solutions, known as secondary standard solutions. This process is called standardization. For instance, a primary standard solution of a strong acid might be used to determine the precise concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution. The accurate concentration of the primary standard solution is vital for reliable analytical results. They are fundamental tools in quantitative analysis, ensuring the precision and validity of experimental measurements in various scientific fields.