Persulfater

Persulfates are a group of powerful oxidizing agents characterized by the presence of the persulfate ion, S2O82-. This ion consists of two sulfate groups (SO4) linked by a peroxide bond (O-O). The most common persulfates are ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), and sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8). These compounds are typically white crystalline solids that are highly soluble in water.

The primary characteristic of persulfates is their strong oxidizing potential, making them effective in various industrial and laboratory applications. They are widely used as initiators in polymerization reactions, particularly for producing polymers like polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylics. In the electronics industry, persulfates are employed in etching processes for printed circuit boards. They also find use as bleaching agents in textiles and hair care products, and as disinfectants.

Persulfates are generally stable under dry conditions but can decompose upon heating or in the presence of moisture, releasing oxygen and other sulfur compounds. Their reactivity necessitates careful handling and storage to avoid uncontrolled reactions or decomposition. While generally considered safe when handled properly, concentrated solutions or powders can be irritating to skin and eyes, and inhalation of dust should be avoided.