Patimokkhaand

The Patimokkha, also spelled Patimokkha, is a fundamental text in Theravada Buddhism containing the code of monastic discipline for bhikkhus and bhikkhunis. It outlines the rules of conduct that monks and nuns must follow to maintain purity and ethical living within the Sangha, the Buddhist monastic community. The word "Patimokkha" itself is derived from Pali and means "to have a specific dwelling" or "relying on oneself," signifying the self-discipline and moral foundation it provides.

The Patimokkha is recited bi-monthly by the monastic community during a ceremony called the Uposatha. During this recitation, monks and nuns confess any transgressions of the rules, and those who have broken serious rules may face expulsion from the Sangha. The rules are categorized based on their severity, ranging from minor offenses that require confession to significant transgressions that result in immediate excommunication.

The content of the Patimokkha is divided into different sections, including rules pertaining to lay supporters, sexual misconduct, theft, and killing. While the exact number of rules can vary slightly depending on the tradition, the core principles remain consistent. The Patimokkha serves as a practical guide for monastics, enabling them to cultivate mindfulness, reduce attachment, and progress on the path to enlightenment. It is a cornerstone of the Vinaya, the broader collection of monastic rules and regulations in Theravada Buddhism.